• Eliza – (on the 577 web page – Rogerian therapy, there is no understanding, a lot of clever tricks
• Syntax – thought that grammar is all you need to make it all work. This is wrong you need to also consider semantics.

• I gave the man a book

ATRANS – Abstract transfer (give)

PTRANS – Physical transfer (go)

MTRANS – Mental transfer (tell)

P= Past tense PP = object or picture producer

0 = Object case relation AA = Action modifier (aider)

R = Recipients Act = Action

PA = Picture modifier (aider)

How can conceptual dependencies facilitate reasoning?

1. Fewer inference rules.
2. Many inferences are contained in the representation
3. Initial representation of the sentence will have holes. Plugging holes serves as focusing a subject for future sentences.

1. Long time to decompose knowledge into primitive actions
2. Conceptual dependencies are good for representing, this may not be good for all kinds of knowledge.